论文部分内容阅读
右图是1945年8月6日投向日本广岛市的第一颗原子弹“小男孩”的结构示意图。它以铀235为原料,依靠裂变来取得爆炸能量。用中子打击铀235,它分裂时放出三个中子继续打击其他铀原子,这叫连锁效应,结果放出巨大的原子能。铀的质量必须超过临界质量才能发生连锁效应,所以原子弹的铀分为两半安置。引爆时用炸药把两半击在一起而发生连锁反应。原子弹的威力以相当爆炸力的梯恩梯吨数表示。可参看本刊上期《原子弹轰炸五十年》一文。
The picture on the right is the schematic diagram of the first atomic bomb “Little Boy” that was put on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945. It uses uranium 235 as a raw material, relying on fission to get the energy of the explosion. Uranium 235 is hit with neutrons. When it splits, it releases three neutrons and continues to attack other uranium atoms. This is called a chain reaction, which results in the release of huge atomic energy. The quality of uranium must exceed the critical mass in order to have a chain effect, so the atomic bomb uranium is divided into two halves. Explosion with explosives to hit the two halves and a chain reaction occurs. The power of the atomic bomb is expressed in tons of tons of explosive power. See the article issue of “atomic bombing fifty years” article.