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目的掌握福建省2012年突发公共卫生事件特征。方法利用网络直报系统的突发公共卫生事件案例库,描述与分析福建省突发公共卫生事件分布特征,综合评价其报告质量。结果 2012年福建省监测报告突发公共卫生事件76起,Ⅲ级事件占6.58%,主要是家庭成员食物中毒致死而引发,Ⅳ级事件占39.47%,主要是学校传染病暴发,未分级事件占53.95%,主要是学校传染病暴发;传染病类事件合计占86.84%,主要涉及病种有流行性腮腺炎、水痘、流感和手足口病;发生在学校的事件合计占67.11%,主要分布在县中学、县小学、乡小学和托幼机构;监测敏感性、报告及时性、控制时效性的P50分别为126.25h、1.52h和6.97d,综合评价各设区市监测报告质量,Ci值最高0.63,最低0.17,差度跨越3个等级。结论福建省突发公共卫生事件仍以传染病类为主,县、乡中、小学是高发地区;监测事件存在缺漏报现象,且事件监测敏感性和报告时效不高,各设区市应对突发公共卫生事件的能力存在差异;以家庭为单位的食物中毒类突发公共卫生事件的级别评定存在不合理,值得进一步商榷和完善。
Objective To grasp the characteristics of public health emergencies in Fujian province in 2012. Methods Using the case database of public health emergencies reporting by network direct reporting system, the distribution characteristics of public health emergencies in Fujian Province were described and analyzed, and the quality of the reports was comprehensively evaluated. Results There were 76 public health emergencies in Fujian Province in 2012 and 6.58% of Grade Ⅲ events, mainly caused by food poisoning caused by family members. Grade IV events accounted for 39.47% of the total, mainly due to outbreaks of school infectious diseases and unfractionated events 53.95% were mainly outbreaks of infectious diseases in schools; infectious diseases accounted for 86.84% of total cases, mainly involving mumps, chickenpox, flu and hand-foot-mouth disease; 67.5% of the total occurred in schools, mainly in County middle schools, county primary schools, township primary schools and nurseries. The P50 of monitoring sensitivity, timeliness of reporting and timeliness control were 126.25h, 1.52h and 6.97d, respectively. Comprehensive evaluation of the quality of monitoring reports in all districts and districts with the highest Ci value 0.63, the lowest 0.17, spread across 3 levels. Conclusions The public health emergencies in Fujian Province are still mainly infectious diseases, while the counties and townships in middle and primary schools are high incidence areas. There is a lack of omission in monitoring events, and the sensitivity of monitoring and reporting of events is not high. There are differences in the ability to make public health emergencies. The evaluation of the level of public health emergencies caused by food poisoning in families is unreasonable and worthy of further discussion and improvement.