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正常的甲状腺既薄又软,是看不见、摸不着的。一旦肿大或出现肿块时,在相当于衣领的部位(即颈部前正中区,喉结的下方)就可有外突表现。甲状腺癌是颈部原发性恶性肿瘤中最常见的一种,占全身各肿瘤的1.2％-2.3％。甲状腺癌可发生在各个年龄组,但7～20岁间和40～50岁间各出现小高峰,女性多于男性一倍。根据病理形态并结合生物学特征,甲状腺癌通常分为乳头状癌、滤泡癌、髓样癌、未分化癌四型。其它还有鳞癌、梭形细胞癌、腺样囊性癌、粘液腺癌及酸性细胞癌等,均很少见。 甲状腺癌的病因尚不清楚。已知有些因素与本病有关,如婴幼儿时期的X线照射为青年人甲状腺瘤的诱发因素。 甲状腺癌除未分化癌外,预后良好,手术后平均5年生存率为83％～95％。甲状腺癌即使出现肺及远处转移者,大都能带瘤生存多年。 甲状腺癌的自查要点: 1.注意甲状腺肿大的形状。甲状
The normal thyroid both thin and soft, is invisible, touching. Once the swollen or appear lumps, in the equivalent part of the collar (ie, before the middle of the neck area, below the Adam’s apple) can have a sudden appearance. Thyroid cancer is the most common form of primary cervical cancer, accounting for 1.2% -2.3% of all tumors in the body. Thyroid cancer can occur in all age groups, but there is a small peak between the ages of 7 to 20 years and between 40 to 50 years, with more women than men. According to the pathological morphology combined with biological characteristics, thyroid cancer is usually divided into papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma four types. There are other squamous cell carcinoma, spindle cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma and acid cell carcinoma, are rare. The etiology of thyroid cancer is not clear. Some factors are known to be related to the disease, such as X-ray irradiation in infants and young children as a predisposing factor for young patients with thyroid tumors. Thyroid cancer in addition to undifferentiated carcinoma, the prognosis is good, the average 5-year survival rate after surgery was 83% to 95%. Thyroid cancer even if there are lung and distant metastasis, most can survive with the tumor for many years. Thyroid cancer self check points: 1. Pay attention to the shape of goiter. thyroid