由于在冬性普通小麦育种工作中运用的原始材料极其贫乏,不仅限制了品种理想性状的形成,也影响了育种工作的进展。而种间和属间杂交对于丰富植物的遗传性却具有重要的意义。令人遗憾的是近十余年来这一方法在冬小麦育种中尚未得到实际应用。迄今为止,还没有见到含有Triticum属的不同种或与其在遗传学上相近的属(黑麦、冰草、小黑麦等)的血统的小麦品种。诚然,远缘杂交往往伴随着许多难以克服的困难,如杂交成功率低或遗传学上的不协调性(属间杂交尤为突出),杂交第一代的高度乃至完全不孕,杂种种子出苗率低,第二代及第三代的性状分离异常剧烈,所需要的基因型遗传性的稳定过程(同质结合过 As the raw materials used in the winter wheat breeding are extremely poor, not only limited the formation of ideal traits, but also affected the progress of breeding. Interspecific and intergeneric hybridization is of great importance for enriching plant heredity. It is regrettable that this method has not been applied in winter wheat breeding for more than ten years. To date, there have been no wheat cultivars that contain different species of the genus Triticum, or their genetically similar genus (rye, ice grass, triticale, etc.). It is true that distant hybridization is often accompanied by many insurmountable difficulties, such as low success rate or genetic incompatibility (inter genus hybridization is particularly prominent), the first generation of hybrid height and even complete infertility, hybrid seed germination rate Low, second and third generations of abnormal trait separation, the required genetic stability of the genetic process (homozygous