1移植医学的发展现状1.1器官移植面临的难题器官移植是近半个世纪以来医学发展的前沿。对于心、肝、肺等脏器功能衰竭者,移植是目前惟一有效的治疗手段。移植医学的发展面临的主要障碍:一是随着器官移植近期效果的不断提高,对移植的需求不断增长,导致供器官的严重短缺;二是经历 1 The status quo of transplantation medicine 1.1 The problems faced by organ transplantation Organ transplantation is the forefront of medical development in nearly half a century. For heart, liver, lung and other organ failure, transplantation is the only effective treatment. The main obstacles in the development of transplant medicine are as follows. First, with the recent improvement of organ transplantation, the demand for transplantation is constantly increasing, resulting in a serious shortage of organs for supply. Second, experience