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本文对激光穿透焊中涉及的传热与熔体流动特性进行了三维数值模拟研究,模拟中考虑了焊接速度、表面张力梯度(Marangoni对流)、浮力、熔池表面散热以及材料性质依赖于温度等复杂因素对焊接过程的影响,研究结果表明,焊接速度与Marangoni对流的影响最为重要,变物性效应也相当明显、预言的焊缝截面形状与实验观察一致,利用所得到的数值模拟结果,与其它途径获得的数据相配合,可以估计激光穿透焊的能量效率或蒸气孔尺寸。
In this paper, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the heat transfer and melt flow characteristics involved in laser penetration welding is carried out. The simulation considers the welding speed, surface tension gradient (Marangoni convection), buoyancy, surface heat dissipation and material properties depend on the temperature The results show that the influence of welding speed and Marangoni convection is the most important, and the change of material property is quite obvious. The prediction of weld cross-section shape is consistent with the experimental observation. Using the numerical simulation results obtained, The data obtained from other sources are used to estimate the energy efficiency or vapor pore size of laser penetration welds.