所谓系统方法,就是把对象放在系统的形式中加以考察的一种方法。具体来说,就是从系统的观点出发,始终着重从整体与部分(要素)之间,整体与外部环境的相互联系、相互作用、相互制约的关系中综合地、精确地考察对象,以达到最佳地处理问题的一种方法。它的显著特点是整体性、综合性和最佳化。 我国目前海水养殖业是以对虾养殖为代表的传统的海水池塘养殖方式,其特点是靠大换水、大量投饵、高密度和单一养殖品种。这样的养殖结果是使养殖海区富营养化,生物区系改变,赤潮频发(1989年发生12起,1990年34起),鱼贝病害逐年增多、加重、致使 The so-called systematic method, is to put the object in the form of the system to examine a method. Specifically speaking, from a systematic point of view, we have always focused on comprehensively and accurately examining objects from the relationships between the whole and the parts (elements) and between the whole and the external environment in an interplay, interaction and mutual restraint to achieve the most A good way to deal with the problem. Its salient features are integrity, synthesis and optimization. At present, China’s marine aquaculture industry is a traditional seawater pond farming method represented by shrimp farming, which is characterized by large water change, large amount of feeding, high density and single breeding. As a result of such breeding, the eutrophication of aquaculture areas, the change of biological fauna and flora, the frequent occurrence of red tides (12 in 1989 and 34 in 1990), and the increasing incidence and severity of diseases in fish and shellfish