一、图里的翻译规范理论在众多翻译理论家和翻译流派中,描写翻译流派的创立人吉蒂昂·图里提出了翻译规范理论。他认为,翻译研究的对象应由传统意义上的原著的直接译本扩展到包含间接译本在内的所有译本,如对原著的编译、改译等。而翻译规范理论是图里描写翻译研究的核心,也是其研究目标。该理论包含三个类型:预备规范、初始规范、操作规范。其中预备规范和初始规范主要涉及翻译过程中的宏观 First, Turi’s theory of translation norms In many translation theorists and translation schools, describing the genre of translation of the doctrine of Guitanturui proposed translation normative theory. In his opinion, the object of translation studies should be extended from the direct translation of the original works in the traditional sense to all translations including indirect translations, such as compilation and translation of the original. The theory of translation norms is the core of the translation studies described in the figure, but also its research goals. The theory includes three types: preparation specification, initial specification, operation specification. The preliminary norms and preliminary norms mainly involve the macro process of translation