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青鳉(Oryzias latipes)繁殖力强、繁殖周期短,为硬骨鱼类研究领域的模式生物。目前,尚无青鳉性腺分化与发育过程的系统资料。该文以青鳉孵化后不同时期的生殖腺为材料,经石蜡切片和HE染色后,于光学显微镜下观察其性腺的出现、分化及成熟过程。结果显示:孵化后5~10 d,仔鱼腹腔右侧已可见生殖腺,生殖细胞体积明显大于周围的体细胞;孵化后10 d,性腺开始分化,雌、雄性个体性腺出现结构上的差异,雌性个体内可明显观察到生殖包囊结构;随后,雌、雄性个体内先后可见卵子和精子的发生过程和组织学分期;孵化后50 d,首见卵巢腔结构和成熟精子。此外,还观察到性反转现象的特例,即两性特征共存的现象。该结果将为发育生物学、遗传生物学提供基础资料。
Oryzias latipes have strong reproductive capacity and short reproductive cycles and are model organisms in the field of teleost fish research. At present, there is no systematic data on the process of gonadal differentiation and development. In this paper, gynogenetic hatch after different periods of the gonads as material, paraffin sections and HE staining, observed under light microscope gonadal appearance, differentiation and maturation process. The results showed that the gonads were visible on the right side of the abdominal cavity of larvae 5 to 10 days after hatching, and the germ cell volume was significantly larger than that of the surrounding somatic cells. At 10 days after hatching, the gonads began to differentiate, with structural differences in the gonads of female and male individuals. The structure of reproductive cysts can be observed in vivo. Subsequently, the process of ovum and spermatogenesis and histological staging can be seen successively in the female and male. The ovarian cavity structure and mature spermatozoa are firstly seen 50 days after hatching. In addition, special cases of sexual inversion have also been observed, namely the coexistence of gender characteristics. The result will provide basic information for developmental biology and genetic biology.