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目的了解乌鲁木齐市邮政行业接尘作业人员生命质量现状及其影响因素,为制定相应政策和措施提供理论依据。方法采用健康调查量表(SF-36)对乌鲁木齐市邮政行业456名接尘作业人员进行生命质量测定。结果 456例调查对象中男性占79.61%,女性占20.39%;年龄分布以30~49岁居多,占81.80%;接尘工龄中位数和四分位数为15(9,20)年。人群生命质量总得分(75±11.22)分,不同年龄、工龄、婚姻状况及患尘肺与否生命质量总得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着年龄和工龄的增长生命质量总得分下降(P<0.05),离异者和已婚者生命质量得分显著低于未婚者(P<0.05),无尘肺者生命质量得分较高,壹期尘肺患者得分最低。多因素分析结果表明工龄在10年以上者和尘肺病人是影响生命质量的主要危险因素。结论乌鲁木齐市邮政行业接尘作业人员生命质量较差,接尘工龄、患有尘肺病显著影响其生命质量。
Objective To understand the status quo and factors influencing the quality of life of dust-exposure workers in the postal industry in Urumqi and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating the corresponding policies and measures. Methods The health survey questionnaire (SF-36) was used to measure the quality of life of 456 dust-contact workers in the postal service of Urumqi. Results Male subjects accounted for 79.61% of the 456 subjects and females accounted for 20.39%. The age distribution ranged from 30 to 49 years old (81.80%). The median and quartile of dust-exposure were 15 (9 and 20) years. The total quality of life of the population (75 ± 11.22) points, different age, length of service, marital status and suffering from pneumoconiosis or not the total quality of life scores were statistically significant difference (P <0.05), with the growth of age and seniority of total quality of life (P <0.05). The quality of life scores of divorced persons and married persons were significantly lower than those of unmarried persons (P <0.05). The scores of quality of life in non-pneumoconiosis patients were higher, and those in pneumoconiosis patients in Phase I were the lowest. Multivariate analysis showed that those with more than 10 years of service and pneumoconiosis patients were the major risk factors affecting the quality of life. Conclusion Urumqi, the postal industry dust-exposed workers poor quality of life, take the dust length of service, suffering from pneumoconiosis significantly affect their quality of life.