Background:Precision medicine approach holds great promise to tailored diagnosis,treatment and prevention.Individuals can be vastly different in their genomic information and genetic mechanisms hence having unique transcriptomic signatures.The development of precision medicine has demanded moving beyond DNA sequencing (DNA-Seq) to much more pointed RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) [Cell,2017,168:584-599].Results:Here we conduct a brief survey on the recent methodology development of transcriptome assembly approach using RNA-Seq.Conclusions:Since transcriptomes in human disease are highly complex,dynamic and diverse,transcriptome assembly is playing an increasingly important role in precision medicine research to dissect the molecular mechanisms of the human diseases.