“愤”、“悱”辨凤台县八里塘小学刘运彩孔子在论述启发性教学时曾说：“不愤不启，不排不发。举一偶不以三偶反，则不复也。”（见《论语·述尔》）有些教师将这里的“愤”理解为“愤怒”、“气愤”，即“为不满意而感情激动”。笔者认为，这种理解是错的，它违背了孔子... “Indignation” and “sputum” were identified by Confucius Liu Yuncai of Balitang Elementary School in Fengtai County. When discussing enlightening teaching, he said: “You can’t be angry or not, and you can’t give up. “(See ”The Analects of Confucius.“) Some teachers understand the ”indignation“ here as ”anger“ and ”anger“, that is ”excited emotions for dissatisfaction." The author believes that this understanding is wrong and it violates Confucius...