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苦参(Sophora flavescens Ait.)为豆科槐属植物,药用根部。《本草纲目》谓可治遍身风疹、心腹结气、小腹热痛、腹中冷痛,并有明目止泪、安五脏、平胃气等功能。因此苦参似有抗过敏和抗胆碱作用。我组曾将苦参作为平喘药进行筛选。通过“哮喘”动物的实验治疗,证明苦参有明显的平喘作用。经临床验证亦有良好的平喘效果。为供临床应用苦参时参考,我们拟分次介绍苦参药理研究。本文报道其平喘作用和毒性观察。实验所用苦参采自贵阳地区,其总碱含量为3%左右。总碱以丙酮结晶得白色结晶碱,其中氧化苦参碱约占60%,氧化槐果碱30%,苦参碱5%及其它少量生物碱。煎剂按药典方法制作,浓度以生药量计算。
Sophora flavescens Ait. is a leguminous plant with medicinal roots. “Compendium of Materia Medica” can cure allergies, diarrhea, abdominal pain, cold abdominal pain, and eyesight only tears, security five organs, flat stomach and other functions. Therefore, it seems that flavescens have anti-allergic and anticholinergic effects. My group used Sophora as an asthma drug to screen. Through experimental treatment of “asthma” animals, it was shown that Sophora flavescens has a significant anti-asthmatic effect. Clinically proven to have good asthma effect. For the reference of clinical application of Sophora flavescens, we intend to introduce the pharmacological research of Sophora flavescens. This article reports on its antiasthmatic effects and toxicity observations. The Sophora flavescens used in the experiment was collected from the Guiyang area and its total alkali content was about 3%. The total base was crystallized with acetone to give a white crystalline base, with about 60% of oxymatrine, 30% of sophocarpine, 5% of matrine, and a small amount of other alkaloids. The decoction is made according to the pharmacopoeia method and the concentration is calculated as the amount of crude drug.