在多民族国家中,国家主导的民族地区国家化进程并非一蹴而就,而民族群体欲进入国家体系获得应有的权益也需要付出努力。本文以老挝北部琅南塔省勐新县帕雅洛村阿卡人这一民族志个案,展现了一个山地民族从政府实施移居坝区政策期间拒绝下山到后来在国家力量和市场经济共同作用下主动涌入坝区的历程。同时,移居坝区的阿卡人在不断寻求经济生活改善的过程中,也在主动进行文化调适,并创造性地继承传统文化,从而融入“文明”进程,并力图在国家化进程中获得更大的权益。 In the multi-ethnic countries, the process of nationalization led by the state is not accomplished in a single step, and the efforts of the ethnic groups to gain the due rights to enter the national system also require efforts. This article, based on the ethnography of the Akka, Pyalu Village, Mengxin County, Luang Namtha Province, northern Laos, shows how a mountainous ethnic group refused to step down from the mountain during the government’s policy of moving to the dam and then later under the joint action of state power and market economy Proactive influx of the dam area. At the same time, the Akkas who moved to the dam areas are constantly seeking cultural adjustment and creatively inheriting the traditional culture in order to integrate themselves into the “civilized” process and seek to gain them during the process of nationalization Larger interests.