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[目的]检测乌鲁木齐市医院医疗废水中细菌对抗生素的抗性水平。[方法]采集乌鲁木齐市4家综合性医院医疗废水处理系统进出水口样品,通过细菌平板培养法检测致病菌的抗生素抗性水平和医疗废水中总体抗生素抗性细菌的污染水平,通过PCR对致病菌株抗生素抗性的7种抗性基因(amp C,tet O,tet W,sul1,sul2,qnr D和qnr S)进行检测。[结果]分离出的致病菌对氨苄西林、四环素、磺胺嘧啶和环丙沙星的耐药率分别为47.1%、63.4%、53.4%和42.4%,7种抗生素抗性基因在其对应的抗性致病菌的检出率为66.7%~100.0%。经污水处理系统处理后,仍有1.01×108~1.39×108 CFU/m L的抗生素抗性细菌进入自然环境。[结论]乌鲁木齐市医院医疗废水已受到抗生素抗性细菌的严重污染,成为抗生素抗性细菌的储存库和污染来源之一。
[Objective] To detect the antibiotic resistance level of bacteria in medical waste water of hospitals in Urumqi. [Method] Samples of medical wastewater treatment system inlet and outlet of 4 general hospitals in Urumqi were collected. The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria and the total antibiotic resistant bacteria in medical wastewater were detected by bacterial plate culture. The seven resistance genes (amp C, tet O, tet W, sul1, sul2, qnr D and qnr S) of the antibiotic resistance of the strain were tested. [Result] The rates of resistance to isolated ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfadiazine and ciprofloxacin were 47.1%, 63.4%, 53.4% and 42.4%, respectively. The resistance of 7 kinds of antibiotic resistance genes in their corresponding The detection rate of resistant pathogens was 66.7% ~ 100.0%. After the sewage treatment system, there are still 1.01 × 108 ~ 1.39 × 108 CFU / m L of antibiotic-resistant bacteria into the natural environment. [Conclusion] The medical wastewater in hospitals in Urumqi has been seriously polluted by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and has become one of the reservoirs and source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.