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1.引言 本综述涉及承受脉冲载荷从而发生显著塑性变形的工程结构—一梁、框架、板、壳,等等。假定材料是延性的(结构金属,接近于钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土之类的材料)。对“脉冲”载荷的限制将在适当的地方更具体地说明。感兴趣的实际问题包括:作用在建筑物框架上的爆炸压力,管道或保护壳内部爆炸压力,波浪对船舶或近海结构的冲击,车辆碰撞,以及“地面冲击”引起的地基加速度,例如在意外(但破坏性极大的)地震时发生的。这种载荷
1. Introduction This review relates to engineering structures that undergo significant plastic deformation under impulse loads—a beam, frame, plate, shell, and so on. It is assumed that the material is ductile (structural metal, close to a material such as reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete). Limits on “pulse” loads will be more specifically explained where appropriate. Practical issues of interest include: explosion pressure acting on the framework of the building, explosion pressure inside the pipeline or protective shell, impact of waves on the ship or offshore structures, vehicle collisions, and ground acceleration due to ground impacts, such as in accidents (but destructive) occurred during the earthquake. This load