人类使用光学仪器已经有七百多年的历史了。尽管光学仪器品种繁多,用途各异,但基本作用是相同的,即都是对光的波前进行变换,通过调节光程长度,产生希望的波前。光路上的扰动或光学系统的缺陷,都会使波前偏离理想波前的位置。这种偏离叫波前畸变,在光学成像系统中,波前畸变会影响成像的质量,使影像模糊,因此光学系统中允许的畸变量是很小的。传统的光学技术是利用玻璃之类 Human use of optical instruments has been more than seven hundred years of history. Although optical instruments have a wide range of uses and different uses, the basic functions are the same. That is, the optical wave front is transformed, and the desired wavefront is generated by adjusting the optical path length. Disturbances in the optical path or defects in the optical system cause the wavefront to deviate from the ideal wavefront position. This deviation is called wavefront distortion, in the optical imaging system, the wavefront distortion will affect the quality of imaging, the image blur, so the optical system allows the amount of distortion is very small. The traditional optical technology is the use of glass and the like