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受地形条件限制,黄土山区贴坡高填方工程近年逐渐增多并出现了一些失稳事故,亟需对其变形破坏机制进行研究。以黄土梁地形上某机场建设工程中的失稳贴坡高填方为例,通过现场详勘与工程地质调查,分析并总结了这类边坡的结构特点及变形破坏的关键影响因素,进而针对性的开展了压实黄土增湿变形试验、Q2离石黄土高压湿陷试验、CTC及RTC路径三轴试验,结合现场资料与室内试验结果对其变形破坏机制进行了研究。结果表明:下覆地形高差导致填方厚度差异,进而引起的坡顶地面差异沉降裂缝是诱发后续变形破坏的必要条件。黄土贴坡高填方变形破坏机制可以概括为:工后土体固结沉降、填土增湿及黄土高压湿陷沉降致裂→水分沿裂缝入渗软化土体→形成中部初始滑面→前部土体加载增湿破坏→后部土体卸荷增湿破坏→锁固段土体加载增湿破坏→滑面贯通整体失稳。该结果有助于加深对贴坡高填方变形破坏演化过程的认识,可以为这类边坡的防治工作提供科学依据。
Due to the restriction of the topography, the high slope filling project in loess mountain area has been gradually increased in recent years and some instability accidents have occurred. Therefore, it is urgent to study the deformation and failure mechanism. Taking the unstable slope filling in an airport construction project on the loess plateau as an example, the structural characteristics of the slope and the key influencing factors of deformation and failure are analyzed and summarized through on-site detailed survey and engineering geological survey. Targeted to carry out the deformation of compacted loess deformation test, Q2 limestone high pressure collapse test, CTC and RTC path triaxial test, combined with field data and laboratory test results of its deformation and failure mechanism were studied. The results show that the difference of fill thickness caused by the height difference of the lower overburden and the differential settlement crack caused by the top of the slope are the necessary conditions to induce subsequent deformation and failure. The deformation and failure mechanism of loess slope with high fill can be summarized as post-industrial consolidation and settlement of soil, soil fill and humidification, and loosening and collapsing of loess high pressure → water softening soil infiltration along the crack → initial slip surface of middle part → front Department of soil loading humidification → rear soil unloading damage by humidification → soil loading locking section humidification → slide through the overall instability. The result is helpful to deepen the understanding of the deformation and failure evolution process of high slope fill slope and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control work of such slope slope.