论文部分内容阅读
目的分析2005—2013年石台县钉螺分布特点与变化趋势,为制订有效的钉螺控制措施提供依据。方法采取回顾性调查的方法,从年度血吸虫病防治报表中收集2005—2013年石台县春季钉螺调查数据,建立数据库,统计分析不同水系、不同环境和不同疫情类别地区的有螺面积、感染性钉螺面积、活螺密度以及感染性钉螺密度等螺情指标的变化情况。结果石台县2005年钉螺面积285.33 ha(1 ha=10 000 m~2),感染螺面积20.29 ha,沿秋浦河、黄湓河、清溪河三大水系分布,其中,96%的有螺面积和100%的感染螺面积分布于秋浦河与黄湓河水系;沟渠、溪河是钉螺与感染性钉螺分布的主要环境。9年间钉螺面积呈现下降趋势,从2005年的285.33 ha降至2013年的258.20 ha,感染螺环境由2005年的136处20.29 ha降至2013年的0 m~2;年间感染螺环境主要分布于传播未控制村.但传播控制村仍发生感染螺环境复现情况。活螺密度从2005年的4.79只/0.1 m~2下降到2013年的1.14只/0.1 m~2,下降了76.2%;活螺框出现率由43.81%下降至21.64%,下降了22.17%(x~2-4 953.6,P<0.01),直线相关分析,活螺密度与感染螺密度呈正相关(r=0.755,P<0.05)。结论石台县螺情呈下降趋势,在实施以传染源控制为主的综合防治措施同时,仍应加强螺情控制力度。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and trend of Oncomelania snails in Shitai County from 2005 to 2013, and provide the basis for the establishment of effective snail control measures. Methods A retrospective survey method was used to collect the spring snail snail survey from Shitai County in 2005-2013 from the annual report of schistosomiasis control. A database was established to analyze the snail area and infectivity in different water systems, different environments and different epidemic areas Snail area, live snail density and infectious snail density and other indicators of the changes in the situation. Results The area of snails in Shitai County was 285.33 ha (1 ha = 10 000 m ~ 2) in 2005, and the area of infected snails was 20.29 ha, distributed along the three major river systems of QiuPu River, Huangpi River and Qingxi River. Among them, 96% 100% of the infected snail area is distributed in the Qiu Pu River and Huang Pi River water system. Ditches and streams are the main environment for the distribution of snails and infectious snails. The area of snails dropped from 285.33 ha in 2005 to 258.20 ha in 2013, and the environment of the snails dropped from 136.29 ha in 2005 to 0-2 m in 2013. The infection environment of the snails mainly distributed in Dissemination of uncontrolled villages, but reproduction of infected areas still occurs in the villages where the infection is spread. The live screw density decreased from 4.79 /0.1 m ~ 2 in 2005 to 1.14 /0.1 m ~ 2 in 2013, down by 76.2%. The occurrence rate of live screw decreased from 43.81% to 21.64%, down by 22.17% x ~ 2-4 953.6, P <0.01). There was a positive correlation between live lobe density and snail density (r = 0.755, P <0.05) by linear correlation analysis. Conclusions In Shitai County, the spirochetes showed a downward trend. In the meantime, comprehensive prevention and control measures based on the control of sources of infection should be implemented. At the same time, spirits control should be strengthened.