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近年来,居民消费活动和环境的关系逐渐受到关注,而与温室气体排放相关的研究更是其中的热点.因此,本文采用“居民消费碳足迹”概念来定义特定居民消费活动所导致的直接和间接温室气体排放的总和,主要包括CO2、CH4、N2O3种温室气体;构建了基于环境扩展的多区域投入产出(Multiregional input-output,MRIO)模型的碳足迹核算方法,并以2007年中国8个区域为例对其居民消费碳足迹的数量、构成、分布及转移进行了分析.结果显示,2007年全国居民消费碳足迹总量达到31.74亿t(以CO2当量计).此外,碳足迹还呈现出区域差异明显、间接排放大于直接排放、城乡差距过大等特征.人均碳足迹方面,发展水平较高的京津、东部沿海地区明显高于相对滞后的西北、西南区域.研究还对碳足迹的区域分布和转移进行了深入探讨.结果发现,东北、京津、西北和西南区域转移收支为负,表示这些区域为其他区域承担的排放大于其他区域为其承担的排放;剩余的北部沿海、东部沿海、南部沿海和中部区域情况则正好相反.这些结果对现阶段中国制定具体区域消费政策或分配碳减排责任等具有参考价值;本研究的方法论也适用于研究其他环境因子及足迹因子与居民消费的关系.
In recent years, the relationship between residents’ consumption activities and the environment has drawn more and more attention, and the research related to the greenhouse gas emission is one of the hot spots.Therefore, this paper uses the concept of “resident consumption carbon footprint” to define the consumption activities of specific residents The sum of the direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions includes mainly CO2, CH4 and N2O3 greenhouse gases. A carbon footprint accounting method based on the environment-extended Multiregional input-output (MRIO) model is constructed. In 2007 China’s eight regions as an example of its resident consumption carbon footprint of the number, composition, distribution and transfer were analyzed.The results show that in 2007 the national total carbon footprint of household consumption reached 3.174 billion tons (in CO2 equivalent) .In addition, carbon The footprint also shows obvious regional differences, indirect emissions greater than direct emissions, urban-rural gap is too large and so on. Per capita carbon footprint, the higher the level of development of Beijing and Tianjin, the eastern coastal areas were significantly lagging behind the relatively backward northwest and southwest regions. The paper deeply explores the regional distribution and transfer of carbon footprint, and finds that the negative balance of payments for the transfer in the northeast, Beijing-Tianjin, northwest and southwest regions indicates that this Regional emissions to other regions are greater than emissions from other regions; the remaining Northern Coast, Eastern Coast, Southern Coast and Central regions are the opposite. These results provide an indication of China’s current development of specific regional consumption policies or distribution of carbon emission reductions Responsibility and other reference value; the methodology of this study is also applicable to study the relationship between other environmental factors and footprint factors and household consumption.