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急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ ARDS）是指由于各种肺内和肺外疾病所导致的急性弥漫性肺损伤以及急性呼吸衰竭。由于ARDS患者肺组织液体增多，影响呼吸氧合，需要限制液体；但血管内容量和心脏前负荷必须保证各脏器的血液供应，因此ARDS患者临床治疗上存在矛盾和困难。血管外肺水（ EVLW）的概念在20世纪80年代首先被提出，该技术在近几年逐渐发展成熟，并慢慢应用于重症患者液体的管理方面。“,”Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) is a syndrome of acute distress lung injury and acute respiratory failure caused by different pulmonary diseases and non-pulmonary diseases.It exists a con-tradiction on the treatment of ARDS that the ARDS patients need fluid restriction due to fluid increase in pul-monary tissue while intravascular volume and heart preload should be enough for organ blood supply .Extra-vascular lung water(EVLW),first described in 1980s,is becoming mature along with the development and application in the fluid management of critical patients .