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一提起煤肺,人们习以为常地把它看作为是煤矿工人的职业病。大城市中又没有煤矿,哪有什么煤肺?事实却不是这样。大城市中虽没有煤矿,但生活中总是离不开各种燃料。最早的上海滩,居民用柴火大多是树枝和农作物脱粒的各种秸杆,直至30年代开始有了煤球制作业,居民逐步以煤球作为生活主要燃料。当时仅有一个厂,40年代以后发展成3、4个厂分区生产,数零星小手工业作坊生产,50年代公私合营,小厂合并扩建成目前三个市属大厂生产煤球。60年代初增加了新品种蜂窝煤(即煤饼)。目前上海全年民用煤制品生产约100万吨,供应市区100万户和部份郊县居民日常应用。
When it comes to coal, people used to think of it as an occupational disease for coal miners. There are no coal mines in the big cities. What coal lungs are there? This is not the case. Although there is no coal mine in the big cities, life is always inseparable from all kinds of fuels. The earliest on the beach, residents with mostly firewood and threshing branches of crops straw, until the 1930s with briquettes, residents gradually to briquettes as the main fuel of life. At that time, there was only one factory. After the 1940s, it was developed into the production of 3 or 4 factories in sub-districts and the production of several small and small handicraft workshops. In the 1950s, the public-private joint ventures and small factories were merged and expanded into the briquettes produced by the three major city factories. The early 60s added a new breed of briquettes (ie briquettes). At present, the annual production of civil coal products in Shanghai is about 1 million tons, supplying 1 million urban residents and some suburban residents daily use.