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基于竖炉工艺,以不锈钢除尘灰、铁鳞、红土镍矿、铁精矿和铬矿为主要原料,采用小型试验竖炉进行高温冶炼模拟试验,探索竖炉工艺冶炼含Cr和Ni的铁水的可行性。研究结果表明:采用竖炉法处理不锈钢除尘灰,能实现除尘灰中Fe,Cr和Ni等有价元素的回收。Ni元素基本上全部进入铁水,其回收率高达99.80%,Cr的回收率也可达到95.82%。竖炉全红土矿冶炼含Cr和Ni的铁水是可行的,而且将红土镍矿球团和不锈钢除尘灰球团搭配入炉,不仅可充分回收Fe,Cr和Ni等元素,还可减少渣量、降低焦比。竖炉采用铬矿配加铁精矿球团和铁鳞球团冶炼含Cr铁水时,铁水中Cr质量分数可达到17.5%,最高可达20.48%,Cr回收率稍低,为87.15%,但有进一步提高的可能;随着铁水中Si含量的增加,Cr的回收率逐渐提高,磷的分配比逐渐减低;当铁水Si质量分数从1.38%提高到3.73%时,Cr的回收率和磷的分配比变化不大。
Based on the shaft furnace technology, stainless steel dust, iron scale, laterite nickel ore, iron ore concentrate and chrome ore were taken as the main raw materials. The small-scale test shaft furnace was used to carry out the high-temperature smelting simulation test. The shaft furnace was used to smelt the molten iron containing Cr and Ni feasibility. The results show that the treatment of stainless steel dust by the shaft furnace can realize the recovery of valuable elements such as Fe, Cr and Ni in the dust. Ni element basically all into the hot metal, the recovery rate as high as 99.80%, Cr recovery rate can reach 95.82%. Shaft furnace full smelting ore containing Cr and Ni molten iron is feasible, and the laterite nickel pellets and stainless steel dust with the gray ball into the furnace, not only can fully recover elements such as Fe, Cr and Ni, but also reduce the amount of slag , Reduce the coke ratio. In the shaft furnace, chrome ore with iron concentrate pellets and iron scale pellets were used to smelt the Cr-containing molten iron. The Cr content in the molten iron can reach 17.5%, up to 20.48%, and the Cr recovery rate is slightly lower at 87.15% With the increase of Si in molten iron, the recovery rate of Cr gradually increased and the phosphorus distribution ratio decreased gradually. When the mass fraction of Si in molten iron increased from 1.38% to 3.73%, the recovery rate of Cr and phosphorus Distribution ratio changed little.