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明代位于“明清小冰期”的前半部分,气候冷干,各种灾害频繁,干旱尤为严重。陕北地区因其特殊的地理环境与重要的军事地位,干旱更成为本地区的首要灾害,终明一代,277年历史中,陕北地区共发生不同程度干旱125次,平均2.2年一次,其中轻度干旱57次,主要在明前期,中度干旱44次,主要出现在中后期,造成“人吃人”现象的重大灾害20次,主要集中在明后期。明代陕北干旱有以下特点:干旱程度不断加重,干旱往往持续时间较长,干旱时段战争频发,干旱时不能自给粮饷供应需多省供给。
The Ming Dynasty was located in the first half of the “Little Ice Age of Ming and Qing Dynasties” with cold and dry weather, frequent disasters and droughts. Due to its special geographical environment and important military status, the northern part of Shaanxi Province has become the foremost disaster in the region. In the history of 277 years, a total of 125 different degrees of drought occurred in northern Shaanxi Province at an average of 2.2 years, of which Mild drought 57 times, mainly in the early Ming Dynasty, moderate drought 44 times, mainly in the late, resulting in “people eating ” phenomenon of 20 major disasters, mainly in the late Ming Dynasty. The drought in north Shaanxi in the Ming Dynasty has the following characteristics: the degree of aridity is getting worse, the drought often lasts longer, the war is more frequent during arid periods, and the provinces can not provide their own supply of food and water supplies in times of drought.