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笃斯越桔(Vaccinium uliginosum)因其富含花青苷等生物活性成分而备受关注。迄今为止,从笃斯越桔果实中已鉴定出24种花青苷、32种黄酮醇苷、24种有机酸、28种芳香成分及少量儿茶素及其低聚物。同时,笃斯越桔还含有丰富的矿质元素、维生素及氨基酸等营养成分。大量的体内和体外实验结果表明,笃斯越桔具有强大的抗氧化、抗衰老、抗炎、抗癌、提高记忆力、预防心血管疾病和保护视力等生理活性。该文介绍了笃斯越桔资源分布情况及其遗传背景,综述了其果实和叶片中的主要功能成分、营养物质及芳香成分的组成和含量,讨论了遗传和环境等因素对其活性物质合成和积累的影响,以期为其新品种选育及综合利用提供参考依据。
Vaccinium uliginosum attracts much attention for its bioactive ingredients such as anthocyanin. To date, 24 anthocyanins, 32 flavonol glycosides, 24 organic acids, 28 aromatic components, and small amounts of catechins and oligomers have been identified from the berries of Vaccinium. At the same time, Vacheron Constantin is also rich in mineral elements, vitamins and amino acids and other nutrients. A large number of in vitro and in vivo experimental results show that Vaccinium biloba has a strong antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, improve memory, prevent cardiovascular disease and protect vision and other physiological activities. This paper introduced the resource distribution and its genetic background of Taxus L., reviewed the composition and content of its main functional components, nutrients and aroma components in fruits and leaves, and discussed the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the synthesis of its active substances And the accumulation of impact, with a view to breeding and comprehensive utilization of new varieties provide a reference.