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以来自中国准噶尔盆地(原生地)和美国大盆地(入侵地)的一年生禾本科植物旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum)为研究对象,对比分析了不同来源地之间旱雀麦幼苗生理特性的差异。结果表明:(1)来自大盆地旱雀麦的主要光合作用指标均极显著地高于准噶尔盆地旱雀麦,具体表现为:净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、瞬时水分利用效率及最大净光合速率均存在显著性差异(p<0.01),而胞间CO2浓度及其他光合作用参数的差异不显著(p>0.05);(2)叶绿素荧光参数方面,调节性能量耗散量子产量、非调节性能量耗散量子产量以及非光化学淬灭系数表现出显著差异(p<0.05),其他荧光参数的差异不显著(p>0.05);(3)来自大盆地旱雀麦幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b的含量以及叶片含氮量均高于准噶尔盆地旱雀麦,但差异并不显著(p>0.05)。总体来说,来自大盆地旱雀麦幼苗在生理特性方面要比准噶尔盆地旱雀麦具有一定的优势。
The annual gramineous Bromus tectorum from the Junggar Basin in China and the Great Basin in the United States was used as the research object to compare and analyze the differences of physiological characteristics between different provenances. The results showed as follows: (1) The main photosynthetic indexes of A. latifolia from the Great Basin were significantly higher than those of A. chinensis in the Junggar Basin. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, instantaneous water use efficiency and maximum (P <0.01), while there were no significant differences in the intercellular CO2 concentration and other photosynthetic parameters (p> 0.05); (2) In terms of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the regulatory energy dissipation quantum yield, Non-regulated energy dissipation quantum yield and non-photochemical quenching coefficient showed significant differences (p <0.05), while other fluorescence parameters showed no significant difference (p> 0.05); (3) Chlorophyll a , Chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a + b, and leaf nitrogen content were higher than those in the Zhunger Basin, but the difference was not significant (p> 0.05). In general, A. macrophylla seedlings from the large basins had some advantages in physiological characteristics compared with L. chinensis in the Junggar basin.