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目的研究凋亡相关基因bcl-x及bax在肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中的表达与HCC临床病理学特征的关系及其意义。方法采用免疫组织化学方法，检测石蜡包埋的HCC标本中凋亡相关基因bcl-x及bax的表达。结果在40例HCC中，bcl-x和bax阳性者分别为20 例和19例；14例肝硬变bcl-x和bax 阳性者分别为12例和11例。bcl-x和bax 在HCC细胞中的表达均低于肝硬变(均P∨0.05)；bcl-x和bax在高中分化型HCC细胞中的表达均高于低分化型。AFP≤400μg/L的患者二者的表达均高于AFP∧400μg/L的患者。在临床分期为Ⅰ～Ⅱ期的HCC细胞中的表达均高于Ⅲ期, 彼此间均有显著性差异；而在男性与女性患者间, 在年龄∧60岁与∨60岁患者间，均无显著性差异(均为P∧0.05)。凋亡相关基因bcl-x及bax在HCC细胞的表达呈正相关(r=0.5602, P∨0.001)。结论凋亡相关基因bcl-x和bax在HCC细胞中的表达，对肝癌细胞的凋亡具有调节作用, 并与HCC的分化程度、临床分期和AFP的水平有关。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-x and bax in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the clinicopathological features of HCC. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-x and bax in paraffin-embedded HCC specimens. Results In 40 cases of HCC, 20 cases were positive for bcl-x and 19 cases for bax, and 14 cases were positive for bcl-x and bax in 14 cases. The expression of bcl-x and bax in HCC cells was lower than that in cirrhosis (all P ∨ 0.05). The expression of bcl-x and bax was higher in differentiated HCC cells than in poorly differentiated HCC cells. Patients with AFP ≤ 400 μg/L had higher expression than patients with AFP ∧ 400 μg/L. The expression of HCC cells in clinical stage I-II was higher than that in stage III, and there was significant difference between them. However, there was no difference between male and female patients between the ages of 60 and 60 years old. Significant differences (both P∧0.05). The expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-x and bax was positively correlated in HCC cells (r=0.5602, P∨0.001). Conclusion The expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-x and bax in HCC cells can regulate the apoptosis of hepatoma cells, and is related to the degree of differentiation of HCC, clinical stage and AFP level.