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农村宅基地使用权是我国特有的一种土地使用物权形式,农村宅基地使用权是指农村居民为建造自有房屋对集体土地所享有的占有、使用的权利。农村宅基地使用权本质上属于集体土地用益物权。我国《物权法》(草案)第158条规定:“宅基地使用权人依法享有对集体所有的土地占有和使用的权利,有权自主利用该土地建造住房及其附属设施。”从该条的规定可以看出,农村宅基地使用权的权能是非常有限的,对集体所有的土地仅有占有和使用的权利,权利人并不享有处分的权能。我国《土地管理法》规定:农村村民一户只能拥有一处宅基地,其宅基地的面积不得超过省、自治区、直辖市规定的标准,农村村民出卖、出租住房后,再申请宅基地的,不予批准。
The right to use house sites in rural China is a form of land use right unique to China. The right to use house sites in rural areas refers to the right of rural residents to own and use collective houses for their own houses. Rural residential land use rights essentially belong to the collective land usufruct. Article 158 of China’s “Property Law” (Draft) stipulates that: “Owners of homesteads have the right to occupy and use collectively owned land according to law and have the right to independently use the land to build houses and their ancillary facilities.” As can be seen from the provisions of the right to use land in rural homestead is very limited, only possession and use of the collective owned land rights, rights holders do not have the right to dispose of. China’s “Land Administration Law” stipulates that: a rural villagers can only have one homestead, the area of homestead can not exceed the standards set by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, the rural villagers sold, rental housing, and then apply for homestead, Not approved.