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目的为了解母婴间乙型肝炎病毒传播情况,以控制乙型肝炎的母婴传播。方法对2013年1月~12月978例产妇分娩前24小时内静脉血和分娩时在无菌条件下留取新生儿脐血用化学发光法进行了乙肝五项检测。结果 (1)单纯HBsAg阳性17例占1.74%(17/978);HBsAg+HBeAb+HBcAb阳性37例占3.78%(37/978);HBsAg+HBeAg+HBcAb阳性23例占2.35%(23/978);HBsAg+HBcAb阳性16例占1.64%(16/978);单纯HBcAb阳性5例占0.51%(5/978)。(2)与单纯HBsAg阳性比较:*χ12=4.492,P1<0.05;χ22=16.222,P<0.01差异有显著性,**χ2=0.002,P>0.05差异无显著性,△两者比较χ2=7.858,P<0.01差异有显著性。(3)978例产妇HBsAb阳性324例,阳性率33.13%(324/978),婴儿脐血HBsAb阳性312例,宫内抗体转运率为96.30%(312/324)。结论建议对孕妇应尽早检测乙肝五项,对乙肝五项阴性的孕妇,应及时接种乙肝疫苗,并对接种疫苗和HBsAb阳性的孕妇进行HBsAb浓度检测,保证孕妇HBsAb浓度维持在较高水平上,以增加胎儿获得HBsAb的量,从而更好的预防胎儿遭受乙肝病毒的感染。
Purpose To understand the spread of Hepatitis B virus among mothers and infants to control mother-to-child transmission of Hepatitis B. Methods From January to December 2013, 978 pregnant women were given venous blood within 24 hours before delivery and cord blood was taken under aseptic conditions during delivery. Five tests of hepatitis B were performed by chemiluminescence method. (17/978). The positive rate of HBsAg + HBeAb + HBcAb in 37 cases was 3.78% (37/978). The positive rate of HBsAg + HBeAg + HBcAb in 23 cases was 2.35% (23/978) ); HBsAg + HBcAb positive 16 cases accounted for 1.64% (16/978); simple HBcAb positive 5 cases accounted for 0.51% (5/978). (2) Compared with simple HBsAg positive: * χ12 = 4.492, P1 <0.05; χ22 = 16.222, P <0.01 showed significant difference, ** χ2 = 0.002, P> 0.05 no significant difference between △ χ2 = 7.858, P <0.01 difference was significant. (3) There were 324 cases of HBsAb positive in 978 maternal cases, the positive rate was 33.13% (324/978). There were 312 HBsAb positive cases in infants and 96.30% (312/324) in utero. Conclusions It is suggested that five items of hepatitis B should be detected as early as possible for pregnant women and hepatitis B vaccine should be timely given to five pregnant women with negative hepatitis B. HBsAb concentration should be tested on vaccinated and HBsAb positive pregnant women to ensure that HBsAb concentration in pregnant women is maintained at a high level, To increase the fetus to obtain the amount of HBsAb, so as to better prevent the fetus from being infected with hepatitis B virus.