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1.本文就三年来天津医科大学眼科及天津市立眼科医院工业性化学眼外伤进行了統計,共349例,占工业眼外伤之8.3％,其中男性占86.53％,年龄在20到30岁之間者占总数之半。 2.致伤物質包括酸类、碱类、气体及其他等共38种,其中以碱性者最多,占42.7％,酸性占22.9％,其他占20.6％;气体最少,占13.8％。其中酸性灼伤可严重破坏結膜角膜,但作用只在受伤当时,在病程中不再继續发展,碱性物灼伤較酸性为严重,在病程中病变继續向深层及周围組織蔓延,病程长,視力損害較重。气体性外伤为两眼,受伤部位多在睑裂暴露处,粘膜性反应較为明显,间有角膜表皮病变。 3.損伤部位以角膜最多,占44.9％。化学性气体角膜发病者更高,占57.3％。 4.急救处理甚为重要,經过处理者視力在0.6以上者占84.6％,未經过处理者仅占57.9％。 5.近年来由于医疗条件之改进,治疗效果較前提高,在应用一些新药物如可地松EDTA,酒石酸(石安)等以后,虽为严重碱性灼伤,最終亦多可保留有用視力。 6.提出预防意見。
1. This article on the three years of Tianjin Medical University ophthalmic ophthalmic hospital and Tianjin Eye Chemical Industrial Injuries statistics, a total of 349 cases, accounting for 8.3% of industrial eye injuries, of which 86.53% of men, aged between 20 to 30 years old Half of the total. 2. Injury substances include 38 kinds of acids, alkalis, gases and others. Alkaline accounts for 42.7%, acidic accounts for 22.9% and others account for 20.6%, while gas accounts for 13.8%. Including acid burns can severely damage the conjunctiva cornea, but the role was only injured at the time, no longer continue to develop in the course of the disease, alkaline burns more acidic than severe disease in the disease continued to spread to the surrounding and surrounding tissue, long duration, Vision damage heavier. Gas trauma for the two eyes, the injured site mostly palpebral fissure exposure, mucosal response was more obvious, between the corneal epidermis lesions. 3. The most corneal injury site, accounting for 44.9%. Chemical gas corneal incidence was higher, accounting for 57.3%. 4. First aid treatment is very important, after the treatment of visual acuity in more than 0.6 accounted for 84.6%, untreated accounted for only 57.9%. 5. In recent years due to the improvement of medical conditions, the treatment effect is improved compared to the previous, after the application of some new drugs such as cortisone EDTA, tartaric acid (Shi An), etc., although severe alkaline burns, and finally can retain useful eyesight. 6. Put forward preventive advice.