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16世纪是西欧各国从中世纪封建社会向近代资本主义社会过渡的历史大变革时期。在思想文化领域出现了“三R”运动,即文艺复兴运动、宗教改革和罗马法复兴运动。在政治领域,西欧各国普遍摆脱了长期存在的封建分裂状态,建立起一系列统一的近代民族主权国家,并以国王集权为特征的专制君主制取代了中世纪王权式的登记君主制。这些变化同样发生在都铎王朝统治下的英国。但是这时,英国一方面建立起了类似大陆各国的专制王权,另一方面又保持了自己固有的法治传统。当旧的封建势力和新兴的资产阶级势力势均力敌时,都铎王朝便诞生了。
The 16th century is a period of great historical changes in the transition of Western European countries from the feudal society of the Middle Ages to the modern capitalist society. In the field of ideology and culture there emerged the “Three R” Movement, the Renaissance Movement, the Reformation and the Roman Revival Movement. In the political field, all Western European countries have generally got rid of the long-standing feudal separatism and established a series of unified modern national sovereignty countries. The autocratic monarchy characterized by the centralized power of the king has replaced the monarchy of the medieval monarchy. These changes also occurred in Britain under Tudor rule. However, at this time, the United Kingdom, on the one hand, established an autocratic monarchy similar to other countries in the Mainland and on the other hand maintained its own tradition of rule of law. Tudor dynasty was born when the old feudal forces and the emerging bourgeois forces were evenly matched.