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目的了解企业职工对职业卫生服务的认知状况,并分析影响职工职业卫生服务认知的因素。方法采用系统抽样选择湖北省黄石市3家企业的90名职工为调查对象,并以问卷调查了解职工对职业卫生服务的认知情况;采用Epi Data 3.1建立数据库,运用SPSS18.0软件对数据资料进行描述,并以χ2检验作统计分析。结果约75%的职工知晓工作中所接触的职业性危害因素,只有50%的职工知晓职业性危害因素的检测浓度,且仅有33.0%的职工在工作企业接受过职业卫生相关知识培训;月收入、户籍状况和企业及工会对职工进行职业卫生服务的宣传力度是影响职工职业卫生服务认知率的主要因素;随着月收入的增加,职工对应签订劳动合同、缴纳保险金及进行职业健康监护的知晓率也随之增高。结论企业应当定期对职工进行职业性危害因素浓度监测和作业人员的职业健康检查,发现问题、及时整改;同时应针对不同层次的企业职工开展多元化的职业卫生健康宣传和教育工作,加强企业的监管力度,以保障职工对职业有害因素的知情权,提高工人职业卫生服务认知总体水平。
Objective To understand the cognitive status of workers in occupational health services and to analyze the factors that affect their cognition of occupational health services. Methods A total of 90 workers from three enterprises in Huangshi City, Hubei Province, were selected as the sample by systematic sampling. The questionnaires were used to understand the employees’ cognition of occupational health services. Epi Data 3.1 was used to establish the database and SPSS18.0 software was used to analyze the data Described, and χ2 test for statistical analysis. Results About 75% of workers knew the occupational hazards involved in the work, only 50% of them knew the concentration of occupational hazards, and only 33.0% of them received work-related knowledge of occupational health training. The status of income and household registration and the promotion of occupational health services by enterprises and unions are the main factors affecting the recognition rate of occupational health services. With the increase of monthly income, employees should sign labor contracts, pay insurance premiums and occupational health Guardianship awareness also increased. Conclusion Enterprises should regularly monitor the concentration of occupational hazards and occupational health check-ups of workers, identify problems and rectify them in a timely manner. At the same time, diversified occupational health and publicity and education should be conducted for employees at different levels, Supervision efforts to protect the right of workers to know the harmful factors of occupational health and improve the overall level of workers’ occupational health services awareness.