目的报告1例胸椎管内黄色肉芽肿个案,探讨该病的诊断、治疗。方法 1例成年男性患者,因背部疼痛、下肢无力就诊,MRI提示T8-T10椎管内软组织占位,行手术治疗。结果术后病情明显改善,病理证实为黄色肉芽肿。结论椎管内单发的黄色肉芽肿十分罕见,目前仅见5例文献报道,其发病机制尚有争论。手术治疗是椎管内黄色肉芽肿的首选治疗方法。 Objective To report a case of yellow granuloma in thoracic spinal canal and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods One adult male patient was diagnosed with back pain and lower extremity weakness. MRI showed T8-T10 soft tissue in spinal canal was surgically treated. Results postoperative condition improved significantly, the pathology confirmed as yellow granuloma. Conclusions Single yellow granuloma in the spinal canal is very rare. At present, only 5 cases reported in the literature, the pathogenesis is still debated. Surgical treatment is the preferred treatment of yellow granuloma of the spinal canal.