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采用全国统一的9个鉴别寄主离体叶片法鉴定侵染型和Gilmour八进制法命名小种,对2004—2008年采自东北春麦区的辽宁、黑龙江等省不同县市的298个小麦白粉病菌标样进行生理小种及毒力频率分析,并利用已知抗白粉病基因的22个小麦品种(系)对参试菌株进行毒力频率测定。结果表明:2004—2006年优势小种为生理小种15号,出现频率分别为13.7%、15.6%和20.3%;2007年优势小种为17号小种,出现频率为10.2%;2008年411号小种上升为优势小种,频率达20.6%;2004—2008年毒性基因V4b、V2+6、V4+8、V12、V16、V18、V20、V21、V22和V23毒力频率较低,在0～28.0%之间,其对应抗性基因Pm4b、Pm2+6、Pm4+8、Pm12、Pm16、Pm18、Pm20、Pm21、Pm22和Pm23抗性较强,可作为有效的抗病基因加以利用。
In this study, 9 unidentified host isolated leaves were used to identify the infested and Gilmour octet-based races. 298 wheat powdery mildew markers were collected from different counties in Liaoning Province, Heilongjiang Province and other provinces from 2004 to 2008 The physiological races and virulence frequencies were analyzed. Toxicity frequency of the tested strains was determined by using 22 wheat cultivars (lines) with known resistance to powdery mildew. The results showed that the dominant races in 2004-2006 were race 15 and the frequency was 13.7%, 15.6% and 20.3% respectively. In 2007, the dominant races were race 17 with the frequency of 10.2%. In 2008, The frequency of virulence gene V4b, V2 + 6, V4 + 8, V12, V16, V18, V20, V21, V22 and V23 was lower in 2004-2008, The resistant genes Pm4b, Pm2 + 6, Pm4 + 8, Pm12, Pm16, Pm18, Pm20, Pm21, Pm22 and Pm23 were highly resistant and could be used as effective resistance genes.