本文采用挤压浸渗法 ,制得不同稀土含量的硅酸铝短纤维增强铝基复合材料。用光学显微镜观察了复合材料的铸造显微组织 ,分析了稀土含量对共晶硅组织形态的影响 ;用扫描电镜对复合材料基体中的稀土相进行了观察 ,探索了稀土相的分布位置及其形态 ;并对不同稀土含量的复合材料进行了摩擦磨损实验 ,结果表明稀土能增强复合材料的耐磨性 In this paper, extrusion infiltration method, obtained with different rare earth content of aluminum silicate short fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The microstructure of the composite was observed by light microscopy. The effect of rare earth content on the microstructure of the eutectic silicon was analyzed. The rare earth phase in the composite matrix was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The distribution of the rare earth phase and its distribution Morphology; and different rare earth content of the composite friction and wear tests, the results show that rare earth can enhance the wear resistance of the composite