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目的了解宁波市北仑区婴幼儿急性腹泻中病毒感染的构成及其临床特征,为临床小儿急性腹泻提供病原依据。方法采用ELISA法、巢式逆转录—聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法对2010年11月—2011年10月北仑区人民医院儿科门诊的急性腹泻患儿的粪便标本进行相关病毒检测。结果送检300份标本中检出阳性123株,检出率为41.00%。其中诺如病毒检出率最高为25.00%(75/300),包括1型30株和2型45株;其次为轮状病毒A型,共检出31株,检出率为10.33%。小儿急性腹泻相关病毒阳性检出率在一年中以冬季检出率最高;同时检出率随年龄增长而呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论诺如病毒和轮状病毒已成为本地区婴幼儿急性腹泻的主要病原。
Objective To understand the composition and clinical features of virus infection in infants with acute diarrhea in Beilun District of Ningbo City and provide the evidence of pathogens for clinical pediatric acute diarrhea. Methods Acute diarrhea in pediatric outpatient department of Beilun District People’s Hospital from November 2010 to October 2011 was detected by ELISA, nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Children’s stool specimens for virus detection. Results There were 123 positive samples in 300 samples, the detection rate was 41.00%. Among them, the detection rate of norovirus was up to 25.00% (75/300), including 30 strains of type 1 and 45 strains of type 2, followed by rotavirus type A, of which 31 strains were detected, with a detection rate of 10.33%. The detection rate of acute diarrhea-associated virus in children was highest in winter in one year, while the detection rate decreased with age (P <0.05). Conclusions Norovirus and rotavirus have become the main pathogens of acute diarrhea in infants and young children in this area.