在欧洲,对于外墙和屋盖的保温、保温材料的位置,以及墙内蒸气渗透都作了全面的分析和研究。本文叙述了西德采用多层材料的不同组合方式所组成的外墙隔热的种类,及泡沫绝缘材料的隔热方法,并对内隔热墙体和带有通风空气层及没有通风空气层的外隔热墙体,与无保温层墙体的传热特性作了比较。 In Europe, comprehensive analysis and research have been conducted on the insulation of exterior walls and roofs, the location of insulation materials, and the infiltration of vapour in walls. This article describes the types of external wall insulation composed of different combinations of multi-layer materials in West Germany, and the insulation methods of foam insulation materials, and the internal insulation wall and ventilation air layer and no ventilation air layer. The external insulation wall was compared with the heat transfer characteristics of the insulation-free wall.