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采用光镜和电镜技术观察了10周～38周胎儿输卵管上皮细胞特别是纤毛细胞的发育和分化。光镜下10周胎儿输卵管壶腹部管腔狭小,上皮为较原始的单层柱状上皮,12周粘膜上皮出现小的皱褶,16周～17周形成短的绒毛样突起,19周～32周渐形成较复杂的粘膜皱襞,至38周粘膜皱襞已接近成体。电镜下17周上皮中偶见单纤毛的细胞,胞质内细胞器较发达,糖原含量丰富,19周出现少量纤毛细胞,胞质细胞内器发达,可见溶酶体,此时纤毛较短,不具9×2+2微管结构,非纤毛细胞也有各种细胞器,但不含溶酶体。20周～30周纤毛细胞仍稀少,至32周以后纤毛细胞数量逐渐增多,其胞质中细胞器发达,糖原丰富,纤毛具典型的9×2+2微管结构,36周～38周可见形态分化较完好的纤毛细胞,非纤毛细胞顶端明显突向管腔,甚至落入管腔中,胞质内未见膜包的分泌颗粒。
The development and differentiation of fetal fallopian tube epithelial cells, especially ciliated cells, were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Light microscopy 10-week fetal fallopian tube ampullary narrow lumen, the epithelium of the original single-layer columnar epithelium, 12 weeks mucosal epithelial small folds, 16 weeks to 17 weeks to form short villous processes, 19 weeks to 32 weeks Gradually formed a more complex mucosal folds, mucosal folds to 38 weeks is close to the adult. In the 17th week of electron microscopy, the cells with occasional monofilament in the epithelium were more developed, the cytoplasm of organelles were more developed, the contents of glycogen were abundant, a few ciliated cells appeared at 19 weeks, the cytoplasm of intracytoplasm was well developed, lysosomes could be seen, Not 9 × 2 +2 microtubule structure, non-ciliated cells also have a variety of organelles, but not lysosomes. Cilia cells were still scarce from 20 weeks to 30 weeks. After 32 weeks, the number of cilia cells increased gradually. The organelles in the cytoplasm were well developed and glycogen was abundant. The cilia were typical 9 × 2 + 2 microtubules and were visible from 36 weeks to 38 weeks Morphologically well-differentiated ciliated cells, non-ciliated cells significantly protruding to the top of the lumen, or even fall into the lumen, the cytoplasm no membrane bag of secreted particles.