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改革开放以来,城乡绝对贫困问题得到了很大程度的缓解,而相对贫困问题则日益突出;同时,城乡贫困还表现出明显的动态演化特征。本文借助CHNS数据库,对城乡贫困动态演化进行实证研究。其结果显示:经济增长、人力资本以及家庭区位特征、家庭人口特征和劳动就业状况等变量是城乡贫困跨期变动的重要因素,但其影响大小和作用机制在城乡之间存在较大的差异。基于此,本文提出反贫困政策的制定和实施要注意政策受众的差异以及政策工具作用机制的不同。
Since the reform and opening up, the problem of absolute poverty in urban and rural areas has been greatly alleviated, while the problem of relative poverty has become increasingly prominent. At the same time, urban and rural poverty shows obvious dynamic evolution. Based on the CHNS database, this paper conducts empirical research on the dynamic evolution of urban and rural poverty. The results show that the variables of economic growth, human capital, family location characteristics, family demographics and labor employment status are important factors in the intertemporal change of urban-rural poverty. However, there are big differences in the size and mechanism of action between urban and rural areas. Based on this, this paper proposes that the formulation and implementation of anti-poverty policy should pay attention to the difference of policy audiences and the different mechanism of action of policy instruments.