菲利普.拉夫是美国纽约知识分子舆论工具——《党派评论》的创始者、编辑,但他同时也是位影响深远的社会—文学批评家。他的批评不失为一位公共知识分子参与文学、参与社会、参与历史的结晶。拉夫的文学批评方法基本上是马克思主义的,但他同时运用了存在主义、心理分析、社会学中的一些概念,吸取了范.威克.布鲁克斯关于“有用的过去”、艾略特关于艺术的传统与才能以及阿诺德的批评思想的精髓。拉夫提倡文学过程的自律,蔑视任何形式的以意识形态评判作品的批评家,但他又异于绝对“审美”的批评家,注重艺术的政治含义。因此,拉夫的批评很具道德责任,反映了一位公共知识分子对艺术的审美与政治关怀。 Phillip Raff was the founder and editor of “Partisan Review”, a New York intellectual media tool, but he was also a far-reaching social-literary critic. His criticism is a public intellectual involved in literature, participation in society, participate in the crystallization of history. Ralph’s literary criticism method is basically Marxism, but at the same time he uses some concepts of existentialism, psychoanalysis and sociology to draw lessons from Van Wyck Brooks’s “useful past”, Eliot The traditions and talents of art and the essence of Arnold’s critique. Raifa advocated the literary process of self-discipline, contempt for any form of critique of ideological judgments, but he is different from the absolute “aesthetic ” critics, focusing on the political meaning of art. Therefore, Love’s criticism is very moral and reflects the aesthetic and political concern of a public intellectual.