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目的探究长期运动训练对青年男性淋巴细胞凋亡及线粒体DNA(mtDNA)修复酶(8-氧鸟嘌呤DNA糖基化酶,OGG1)的影响及可能机制。方法训练组为20名男子足球专业运动员,对照组为20名男子大学生。2组均在功率自行车上完成递增负荷力竭运动。运动前和运动后即刻采集静脉血。流式细胞法检测淋巴细胞凋亡率,比色法检测超氧阴离子和羟自由基含量和Caspase-3,Caspase-9活性,高效液相色谱法检测mtDNA中8-氧鸟嘌呤(8-oxodG)含量,Western-blotting法检测线粒体OGG1蛋白(mtOGG1)表达水平。结果运动前和运动后,训练组与对照组比较,超氧阴离子、羟自由基、Caspase-3,Caspase-9活性、8-oxodG降低,OGG1升高;运动后,训练组与对照组比较,淋巴细胞凋亡率降低。对照组和训练组在运动后与运动前比较,淋巴细胞凋亡率、超氧阴离子、羟自由基、Caspase-3,Caspase-9活性和8-oxodG均升高,但训练组升高幅度低于对照组;运动后对照组OGG1降低,而训练组OGG1升高。结论一次性力竭运动诱导产生高水平ROS,并抑制mtOGG1表达,使mtDNA氧化损伤,促进淋巴细胞凋亡;长期耐力训练可通过抑制ROS生成,并提高mtOGG1表达,抑制运动性淋巴细胞凋亡。
Objective To investigate the effects of long-term exercise training on lymphocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial DNA repair enzyme (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, OGG1) in young males and its possible mechanism. Methods Training group of 20 men’s football professional athletes, the control group of 20 men’s college students. Both groups completed an incremental load-exhaustion exercise on power bikes. Venous blood was taken immediately before and after exercise. The apoptosis rate of lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. The content of superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical and the activity of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were detected by colorimetric assay. The 8-oxoguanosine (8-oxodG) ) Content, Western blotting was used to detect the expression of mitochondrial OGG1 protein (mtOGG1). Results Compared with the control group, the activities of superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, 8-oxodG and OGG1 increased in the training group and the control group before and after exercise. Lymphocyte apoptosis rate decreased. In the control group and training group, the apoptosis rate, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 activity and 8-oxodG increased after exercise In the control group, the OGG1 in the control group decreased after exercise, while the OGG1 increased in the training group. CONCLUSION: One-time exhaustive exercise induces high levels of ROS and inhibits the expression of mtOGG1, oxidizes mtDNA and promotes lymphocyte apoptosis. Long-term endurance training can inhibit the generation of ROS and increase the expression of mtOGG1 and inhibit the apoptosis of lymphocytes.