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一、全球人类基因组研究的历史、现状与竞争 1985年,美国能源部卫生与环境研究局前主任Charles Delisi制定了“人类基因组”计划,该计划的目的是破译人类遗传型。不久,诺贝尔奖获得者James Watson也参与进来了。后者是遗传载体分子DNA双螺旋结构的发现者之一。人们要破译的正是DNA分子。与人类基因相并行,该项目还建议破译较简单的有机物基因,诸如细菌、酵母等。这些有机物的DNA较短,故较易研究。
I. THE HISTORY, PRESENT AND COMPETITION OF GLOBAL HUMAN GENOMIC STUDIES In 1985, Charles Delisi, former director of the Bureau of Health and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy, developed the Human Genome Project, which aims to decipher the human genetic pattern. Soon, Nobel laureate James Watson was also involved. The latter is one of the discoverer of DNA double helix structure of genetic carrier molecule. It is the DNA molecule that people want to decipher. In parallel with human genes, the project also suggests deciphering simpler organism genes such as bacteria and yeast. The DNA of these organisms is shorter and therefore easier to study.