人体测量学是一门用测量方法研究人的体质特征的科学。它分为骨骼测量和活体测量(包括尸体测量)两部分。骨骼测量是人体测量的基础,根据部位又分为颅骨测量和体骨测量。前者描述颅骨的测量和观察方法,对研究颅骨的特征、类型、变异、规律等有重要的理论意义及实用价值[1,2]。本文对与之相关的文献予以综述,以期为颅骨的基础研究、颅脑及颌面外科的临床应用和法医学研究提供参考。 Anthropometry is a science that uses measurements to study the physical characteristics of people. It is divided into two parts, skeletal measurement and in vivo measurement (including body measurement). Bone measurement is the basis of human measurement, according to the site is divided into skull measurement and bone measurement. The former describes the measurement and observation methods of the skull and has important theoretical and practical values ​​for studying the characteristics, types, variations, and laws of the skull [1,2]. This article summarizes the relevant literature, with a view to provide a reference for the basic research of skull, clinical applications of craniocerebral and maxillofacial surgery and forensic science.