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目的探讨新生儿窒息的原因及其影响因素。方法对北京市昌平区医院2001年1月至2004年6月之间104例新生儿窒息的原因及影响因素进行回顾性分析。结果新生儿窒息发生率为4.62%。新生儿窒息原因:脐带因素居首位占37.59%;其次为胎位异常占13.47%;早产、低体重儿居第三位占11.35%。结论加强围产期保健,定期产前检查,及早发现并积极治疗妊娠并发症,积极防治胎儿宫内窘迫,把握分娩时机,恰当选择分娩方式是降低新生儿窒息率的关键。
Objective To investigate the causes of neonatal asphyxia and its influencing factors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the causes and influencing factors of 104 neonates with asphyxia between January 2001 and June 2004 in Changping District Hospital of Beijing. Results The incidence of neonatal asphyxia was 4.62%. Causes of neonatal asphyxia: umbilical cord factors in the first place accounted for 37.59%; followed by fetal position abnormalities accounted for 13.47%; premature birth, low birth weight third place accounted for 11.35%. Conclusion The key to reducing neonatal asphyxia rate is to strengthen perinatal care, prenatal screening, early detection and treatment of pregnancy complications, prevention and treatment of fetal distress, and timely delivery.