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利用GIS强大的空间分析功能,通过地统计学中的半方差函数对奔怒县土壤表层(0~20 cm)pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾等要素的空间异质性特征进行了定量研究。结果表明:pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的平均含量分别为5.32、24.01 g kg~(-1)、100.11 mg kg~(-1)、8.81 mg kg~(-1)和118.20 mg kg~(-1)。速效钾的理论模型为stable模型,其余4种的理论模型为指数模型。pH由随机性因素引起的变异程度较小,为0.00%;有机质、有效磷和速效钾显示出中等变异,变异系数为61.73%、69.59%和31.21%,但它们的空间自相关范围具有明显的差异,分别为18.53 km、3.724 km和4.869 km;而碱解氮显示出强变异性,变异系数为79.57%。进而绘制土壤养分的空间分布图,为精准施肥提供有针对性策略。
Based on the strong spatial analysis function of GIS, the spatial heterogeneity of soil pH (0 ~ 20 cm), organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in Bengxian County was analyzed by semi-variance function in geostatistics. Characteristics were studied quantitatively. The results showed that the average contents of pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 5.32,24.01 g kg -1, 100.11 mg kg -1, 8.81 mg kg -1 and 118.20 mg kg -1. The theoretical model of available potassium is stable model, and the other four theoretical models are exponential model. The degree of variation due to the randomness factor was relatively small, which was 0.00%. The organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium showed moderate variation with coefficients of variation of 61.73%, 69.59% and 31.21%, but their spatial autocorrelation ranges were significantly The differences were 18.53 km, 3.724 km and 4.869 km, respectively. The alkalinity nitrogen showed strong variability with a coefficient of variation of 79.57%. And then draw the spatial distribution of soil nutrients, to provide targeted fertilization strategy.