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在美国中西部 3个州分别选取 1个有代表性的流域 ,对其 10 11个自耕农场主采用水保耕作制的效果进行调查评估。评估模型为社会学理论及农场结构模式的综合。水保耕作制度设 18项 ,社会学变量为 9项 ,农场结构变量为 5项。通过问卷形式分别进行量化评估 ,所有水保耕作技术权重值累加形成“水保耕作综合指标”。社会学因素、农场结构因素作为自变量 ,用于统计模型中 ,统计分析表明 :俄亥俄流域农业总收入取决于粮食生产及政府技术援助。但农场经营年数越多 ,水保耕作指标越低。衣阿华流域测试结果为 ,农场主已认识到农用化学物质对环境污染的严重性。离开农场工作日数越多 ,水保耕作指标越低。明尼苏达流域若采用水保措施将获得更大效益。结果表明 :未来的水保规划应改进水保耕作制 ,使之产生更大效益
A representative basin was selected in each of the three states in the Midwestern United States to investigate and evaluate the effects of using water conservation farming system for 10 11 farmers. The assessment model is a combination of sociological theory and farm structure models. There are 18 water conservation farming systems, 9 sociological variables and 5 farm structural variables. Quantified by questionnaires, respectively, all the technical weights of paddy farming tillage accumulated to form a comprehensive index of water conservancy and plow farming. Sociological factors and farm structure factors are used as independent variables in the statistical model. Statistical analysis shows that the total agricultural income in the Ohio Basin depends on food production and government technical assistance. However, the more years of farm operation, the lower the index of soil and water conservation farming. Iowa River Basin test results show that farmers have recognized the seriousness of agricultural chemicals on the environmental pollution. The more work days left farm, the lower the index of soil and water conservation farming. The Minnesota River Basin will benefit more if it uses soil and water conservation measures. The results show that the future planning of soil and water conservation should improve the system of water conservation and tillage and make it have greater benefits