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通过在聚氨酯泡沫塑料制备过程中加入不同用量的N-甲基二乙醇胺(简称N-MDA),并对聚氨酯泡沫进行酸化处理,得到了一系列阳离子型聚氨酯泡沫塑料(简称改性PUF),并对其结构和性能进行了研究.结果表明,以醋酸和磷酸(质量比为1∶1)作为N-MDA的催化抑制剂,可在较宽N-MDA用量范围内顺利合成改性PUF.随着N-MDA用量的增加,改性PUF的回弹率、拉伸强度及断裂伸长率均出现先增强后降低的趋势,而阳离子含量和亲水性不断增加.进一步将改性PUF作为固定化载体用于吸附活性污泥,结果显示,由于亲水性的增强和静电相互作用,改性PUF对活性污泥的吸附速度明显高于普通聚氨酯泡沫(简称对比PUF),其对活性污泥的单位体积吸附量最高可达180 g/L,是对比PUF(80 g/L)的2倍以上.
A series of cationic polyurethane foam (referred to as modified PUF) were obtained by adding different amounts of N-methyldiethanolamine (N-MDA) during the preparation of polyurethane foam and acidifying the polyurethane foam The results showed that the modified PUF could be successfully synthesized over a wide range of N-MDA using acetic acid and phosphoric acid (mass ratio of 1: 1) as a catalyst inhibitor of N-MDA With the increase of the amount of N-MDA, the rebound rate, tensile strength and elongation at break of the modified PUF first increased and then decreased, while the cationic content and hydrophilicity increased continuously.Furthermore, The results showed that the adsorption rate of modified PUF on activated sludge was significantly higher than that of ordinary polyurethane foam (referred to as the comparative PUF) due to the enhancement of hydrophilicity and electrostatic interaction. The adsorption of activated sludge on activated sludge The adsorption capacity per unit volume was up to 180 g / L, which was more than twice that of PUF (80 g / L).