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为明确全膜垄作栽培方式对黄土高原旱作马铃薯生长及产量的影响,以克新1号马铃薯品种为材料,设全膜双垄垄上播种(A1)、全膜单垄垄上播种(A2)、全膜单垄垄上微沟播种(A3)和露地常耕平作(CK)4种栽培方式的田间试验。结果表明,全膜垄作栽培方式均能够提高各生育时期0~40cm土层土壤含水量,以全膜单垄垄上微沟播种效果最好;与露地常耕平作相比,全膜垄作栽培方式可以极显著或显著提高马铃薯株高、冠幅、茎粗及叶片SPAD值。同时,全膜垄作栽培方式能够提高马铃薯产量、商品薯率,降低马铃薯青薯率和烂薯率,全膜单垄垄上微沟播种比全膜双垄垄上播种的产量增加5.53%,比全膜单垄垄上播种的产量增加14.23%,其中全膜单垄垄上微沟播种极显著高于其他处理,可作为西北黄土高原旱作区节水高产栽培模式。
In order to clarify the effects of planting patterns on the growth and yield of potato under dry cultivation in the Loess Plateau, ), Field experiment of four cultivation modes of single furrow on a single ridge (A3) and open field (CK). The results showed that all-film ridge cultivation could improve the soil moisture content in 0 ~ 40cm soil layers in each growth period, The plant height, crown width, stem diameter and leaf SPAD value of potato can be increased significantly or significantly. At the same time, the cultivation method of whole-film ridge-furrow could increase the yield of potato, the rate of commodity potato, the rate of potato sweet potato and the rate of rotten potato. The production of microgroove on the whole ridge was increased by 5.53% The yield of sowing on a single ridge was increased by 14.23%. The sowing of furrow on the ridge of a single ridge was significantly higher than that of other treatments, which could be used as a water-saving and high-yield cultivation mode in the arid area of Northwest Loess Plateau.