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前言近红外用的新型光电倍增管,是用负电子亲和效应(NEA)光电发射体的工艺产生的。NEA 光电阴极在紫外到近红外中得到广泛的应用。本文重点是叙述近红外谱用的光电倍增管,评述了光电发射过程,并叙述了组合有 NEA 材料的光电倍增管的发展情况;对 NEA 材料和激发技术作了探讨和说明。概述了有 NEA 光电阴极的新型有用器件,包括应用及讨论:探讨光学通讯、激光测距和光学计数等课题,并以发展的观点展望未来的新型器件。
Introduction The new photomultiplier tube for near infrared is produced by the process of negative electron affinity (NEA) photoemission emitters. NEA photocathodes are widely used in UV to near infrared. This article focuses on the photomultiplier tube for near infrared spectroscopy, reviews the photoemission process, and describes the development of photomultiplier tubes incorporating NEA materials. The NEA materials and excitation techniques are discussed and explained. New useful devices with NEA photocathodes are outlined, including applications and discussions: topics such as optical communications, laser ranging and optical counting are outlined, and new devices of the future are expected from a development perspective.