论文部分内容阅读
目的掌握市区中小学生健康状况,探讨其影响因素。为制定卫生政策,落实干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法调查市区中小学在校生,对视力不良、龋齿、超重、肥胖、血压升高、营养不良、沙眼等主要指标进行分析。计数资料比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果影响市区中小学生健康的卫生问题依次是视力不良(72.38%)、超重肥胖(30.76%)、龋齿(25.63%)、血压升高(16.10%)、营养不良(3.76%)及沙眼(1.90%)。与往年比较,视力不良、超重肥胖患病率上升且超重肥胖患病低龄化,营养不良患病率下降且年龄后移;视力不良、血压升高率均随年龄增长而升高(χ2=5 740.09、1 672.76,均P<0.05);龋患以乳龋为主。男生以超重肥胖、血压升高突出,女生视力低下与龋患高于男生。结论学生视力不良、超重肥胖患病已处于较高水平,其他患病处于一般水平,学生血压升高现象应引起足够重视。建议完善部门联动、社会参与的学生健康促进政策、措施,着力于早干预,以期学生养成健康的生活方式、良好的卫生习惯,逐步降低健康危害。
Objective To master the health status of primary and secondary school students in urban area and explore the influencing factors. Provide a scientific basis for formulating health policies and implementing intervention measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the primary and secondary school students in urban areas. The main indicators of poor eyesight, dental caries, overweight, obesity, elevated blood pressure, malnutrition and trachoma were analyzed. Counting data using χ2 test, P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. Results The health problems affecting the health of primary and secondary school students in urban areas were as follows: poor eyesight (72.38%), overweight and obesity (30.76%), dental caries (25.63%), hypertension (16.10%), malnutrition (3.76%) and trachoma %). Compared with previous years, the prevalence of poor eyesight, overweight and obesity increased and the prevalence of overweight and obesity decreased, the prevalence of malnutrition decreased and the age was shifted. The poor eyesight and the rate of increase in blood pressure increased with age (χ2 = 5 740.09,1 672.76, all P <0.05); caries mainly caries. Male overweight and obesity, high blood pressure, girls with low vision and caries than boys. Conclusion Students with poor eyesight, overweight and obesity have been at a high level, other diseases at a general level, the phenomenon of elevated blood pressure students should pay enough attention. It is suggested to improve the policies and measures for student health promotion by departmental linkage and social participation and focus on early intervention so that students can develop healthy lifestyles, good hygiene habits and gradually reduce their health hazards.